Scientific project tutorial

Create an empty Python project. Add a new Python file named main.py by right-clicking the project root and selecting New | Python File. Then add the following code to the main.py file:

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
N = 50
x = np.random.rand(N)
y = np.random.rand(N)
colors = np.random.rand(N)
area = np.pi * (15 * np.random.rand(N))**2  # 0 to 15 point radii
plt.scatter(x, y, s=area, c=colors, alpha=0.5)
plt.show()

X = np.linspace(-np.pi, np.pi, 256,endpoint=True)
C,S = np.cos(X), np.sin(X)

plt.plot(X, C, color="blue", linewidth=2.5, linestyle="-")
plt.plot(X, S, color="red", linewidth=2.5, linestyle="-")

plt.xlim(X.min()*1.1, X.max()*1.1)
plt.xticks([-np.pi, -np.pi/2, 0, np.pi/2, np.pi],
           [r'$-\pi$', r'$-\pi/2$', r'$0$', r'$+\pi/2$', r'$+\pi$'])

plt.ylim(C.min()*1.1,C.max()*1.1)
plt.yticks([-1, 0, +1],
           [r'$-1$', r'$0$', r'$+1$'])

plt.show()

Process warnings shown for the numpy and matplotlib imports and enable the packages in the project.

Run your project . The code is executed and shows two graphs in the Plots tool window. Clicking the preview thumbnail displays the respective graph:

You can modify the project code to plot only one graph at a time. You can execute fragments of your code by creating code cells.

Let's put a breakpoint at the line:

plt.show()

This line appears twice in our example code, and so there will be two breakpoints.

Right-click the editor background and from the context menu choose Debug <project_name>.

You see the Debug tool window and the grey characters in the editor. This is the result of the inline debugging, which is enabled.

The line with the first breakpoint is highlighted. It means that the debugger has stopped at the line with the breakpoint, but has not yet executed it. If we execute this line (for example, by clicking the Step Over on the stepping toolbar of the Debug tool window), we'll see the graph:

Next, look at the Variables tab of the Debug tool window. If you click the View as Array link next to the area array, the Data View tool window opens:

Mind the only column in the table - it's explained by the fact that the area array is one-dimensional.

Right-click the editor background and choose the Run File in Python Console command.

This command corresponds to running a run/debug configuration for the main.py file with the Run with Python console option selected:

When this command is run, the >>> prompt appears after the output in the Run tool window, and you can execute your own commands.

So, what has been done with the help of IntelliJ IDEA?

• The file main.py was created and opened for editing.

• The source code has been entered

• The source code has been run and debugged.

• Finally, we ran the file in console.