Scala

These questions were only shown to the developers who chose Scala as one of their three primary programming languages.

Which versions of Scala do you regularly use?

2.10 or older2.112.122.13Dotty2.10 or older2%2.1131%2.1263%2.1349%Dotty3%

Development of microservices is very popular among Scala developers. 72% use Scala for that purpose, which is the greatest share among all languages for that use case.

What are your compilation targets?

100%
JVM
5%
scala.js
2%
scala-native
0%
Android

Which versions of Java do you regularly use?

40% 2% 5%80% 1% 1%Java 11Java 10Java 9Java 8Java 7Other

The share of Java 11 users among Scala Developers grew to 40%, up from 28% last year, but Java 8 is still the most used version with a share of 80%. Meanwhile, all other versions have lost users.

Which unit-testing frameworks do you regularly use, if any?

76%24%21%12%10% 6%ScalaTestJUnitScalaCheckScalaMockspecs2I don’t write unit tests for Scala
All results

Which frameworks or libraries do you regularly use for web-development?

40%36%12%11%10% 7%PlayAkka-httpHttp4sSpringSpark JavaNetty
All results

Which frameworks or libraries do you regularly use?

52%35%34%17%15%11% 7% 7% 6%AkkaCatsSparkSlickShapelessScalazFS2FinagleZIO
All results

Cats library has become significantly more popular among Scala developers since last year, growing from 13% to 35%. It has become the second most popular framework, after Akka.

What editors or IDEs do you use most for Scala?

94%
IntelliJ IDEA
3%
Visual Studio Code
2%
Emacs
1%
Vim
0%
Eclipse

Almost every Scala developer has unit tests in projects (94%), which is 20 percentage points higher than developers in general.

What additional editor or IDE do you use for Scala the most, if any?

25%11% 4% 4% 3% 2% 2% 2% 3%44%Visual Studio CodeVimEmacsSublimeAtomVisual StudioEclipseIntelliJ IDEAOtherNone

Web backend is the prevailing platform for Scala development, with 82%. Meanwhile, the most popular types of software are Websites and Business Intelligence, Data Science, and Machine Learning, with a combined share of 41%.

Which build systems do you regularly use, if any?

78%31%19% 3% 2% 2% 1%sbtMavenGradleAntMillBloopBazel
All results

Which versions of sbt do you regularly use?

85%
1.0
29%
0.13
1%
0.12 or older

Which interactive Scala environments do you regularly use?

46%44%31%17% 7% 7% 7%sbt consoleScala REPLIntelliJ IDEA WorksheetAmmonite REPLScastieScala IDE WorksheetJupyter Notebook
All results

Which compiler plugins do you regularly use for Scala?

12%Kind Projector
11%Scalamacros/ScalametaParadise
2%Miniboxing
1%Other
81%None

Do you have macros in your project?

46%
No
29%
Only in libraries
18%
I don’t know anything about macros in Scala
3%
Only blackbox macros
3%
Yes, including whitebox macros

PostgreSQL is the most widely used database among Scala developers, as 61% claim to use it.

What other tools do you use for Scala?

50%22%11% 9% 8% 2% 2%42%ScalafmtScoverageScalastyleScalafixWart RemoverScapegoatOtherNone

Do you use or plan to use Scala 3 (Dotty)?

I don’t use it, but am planning to use it
I don't know
I don't use it, and I don't plan to use it
I currently use it
62%21%14%3%

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