TeamCity Cloud 2023.09 Help

PowerShell

The PowerShell build runner is specifically designed to run PowerShell scripts.

The plugin responsible for PowerShell integration has been open-sourced on GitHub.

Cross-Platform PowerShell

  • Cross-platform PowerShell (PowerShell Core) is supported on Windows, macOS, and Linux: download a PowerShell package for your platform and install it on the TeamCity agent.

  • Side-by-side installation of PowerShell Desktop and PowerShell Core is supported under Windows.

Detection of Installed PowerShell on Build Agents

During the startup, a TeamCity agent searches for the PowerShell installation in standard locations, such as Program Files and Windows directories, or ~/powershell and /opt/microsoft/powershell/<version>/ in ARM64 systems. You can specify a custom location in the teamcity.powershell.detector.search.paths agent property, so the agent can detect PowerShell in this directory (and its children) as well.
To list multiple locations, separate their paths with ;.

PowerShell Settings

Option

Description

Version

List of PowerShell versions supported by TeamCity. It is passed to powershell.exe as the -Version command line argument.

PowerShell run mode

Select the desired execution mode on a x64 machine:

Version

Specify a version (for example, 1.0 or 2.0). It will be compared to the version installed on the agent, and an appropriate requirement will be added. For Core editions, it will be used as the lower bound. On Desktop editions, the exact version will be used (-Version command line argument will be added).

If the version field is left blank, no lower bound on the version requirement will be added, no -Version argument will be used on Desktop editions of PowerShell.

Platform

Select the platform bitness:

  • x64 — 64-bit, default, the corresponding requirement will be added

  • x86 — 32-bit, the corresponding requirement will be added

  • Auto — when it is selected, no platform requirement will be added to the build configuration, and if both 32-bit and 64-bit PowerShells are installed, 64-bit will be preferred.

Edition

Select a PowerShell edition to be used:

  • Desktop — closed-source edition bundled with Windows, available only on Windows platforms.

  • Core — open-source edition based on .NET Core, cross-platform, 64-bit only

Format stderr output as:

Specify how the error output is handled by the runner:

  • error: any output to stderr is handled as an error

  • warning: default; any output to stderr is handled as a warning

Working directory

Specify the path to the build working directory.

Script

Select whether you want to enter the script right in TeamCity, or specify a path to the script:

  • File: Enter the path to a PowerShell file. The path has to be relative to the checkout directory.

  • Source: Enter the PowerShell script source. Note that TeamCity parameter references will be replaced in the code.

Script execution mode

Specify the PowerShell script execution mode. By default, PowerShell may not allow execution of arbitrary .ps1 files. TeamCity will try to supply the -ExecutionPolicy ByPass argument. If you've selected Execute .ps1 script from external file, your script should be signed or you should make PowerShell allow execution of arbitrary .ps1 files. If the execution policy doesn't allow running your scripts, select Put script into PowerShell stdin mode to avoid this issue.

The -Command mode is deprecated and is not recommended for use with PowerShell of version greater than 1.0.

Script arguments

Available if "Script execution mode" option is set to "Execute .ps1 script from external file".

Specify build parameters to be passed as arguments into the PowerShell script.
When using named arguments, follow this pattern: -<script_argument1> %build_parameter1% -<script_argument2> %build_parameter2%.

Additional command line parameters

Specify parameters to be passed to the PowerShell executable.

Interaction with TeamCity

Attention must be paid when using PowerShell to interact with TeamCity through service messages. PowerShell tends to wrap strings written to the console with commands like Write-Output, Write-Error and similar (see TW-15080). To avoid this behavior, either use the Write-Host command, or adjust the buffer length manually:

function Set-PSConsole { if (Test-Path env:TEAMCITY_VERSION) { try { $rawUI = (Get-Host).UI.RawUI $m = $rawUI.MaxPhysicalWindowSize.Width $rawUI.BufferSize = New-Object Management.Automation.Host.Size ([Math]::max($m, 500), $rawUI.BufferSize.Height) $rawUI.WindowSize = New-Object Management.Automation.Host.Size ($m, $rawUI.WindowSize.Height) } catch {} } }

Error Handling

Due to the PowerShell issue that causes zero exit code to be always returned to a caller, TeamCity cannot always detect whether the script has executed correctly or not. We recommend several approaches that can help in detecting script execution failures:

  • Manually catching exceptions and explicitly returning exit code
    The PowerShell plugin does not use the cmd wrapper around powershell.exe. It makes returning the explicit exit code possible.

    try { # your code here } Catch { $ErrorMessage = $_.Exception.Message Write-Output $ErrorMessage exit(1) }
  • Setting to and adding a build failure condition:
    In case syntax errors and exceptions are present, PowerShell writes them to stderr. To make TeamCity fail the build, set Error Output option to Error and add a build failure condition that will fail the build on any error output.

  • Failing build on certain message in build log:
    Add a build failure condition that will fail the build on a certain message (say "POWERSHELL ERROR") in the build log.

    $ErrorMessage = "POWERSHELL ERROR" try { # your code here } Catch { Write-Output $ErrorMessage exit(1) }

Handling Output

To properly handle non-ASCII output from PowerShell, the correct encoding must be set both on the PowerShell side and on the TeamCity side.

  • To set the output encoding for PowerShell to UTF-8, add the following line to the beginning of your PowerShell script:

    [Console]::OutputEncoding = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8
  • To set the encoding on the TeamCity agent side, either set the Java launch option -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8, or set the build configuration parameter teamcity.runner.commandline.stdstreams.encoding value to UTF-8.

Temporary Files

The TeamCity PowerShell plugin uses temporary files as an entry point; these files are created in the build temporary directory and removed after the PowerShell build step is finished. To keep the files, set the powershell.keep.generated or teamcity.dont.delete.temp.files configuration parameter to true.

The PowerShell support is implemented as an open-source plugin. For development links refer to the plugin's page.

Last modified: 07 September 2023